SS-31

SS-31 Product Description — Research Use Only

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a mitochondria-targeted research tetrapeptide studied for its role in mitochondrial function, cellular energy production, oxidative-stress response, cardiolipin stability, and cellular protection pathways. It is commonly researched for how it interacts with the inner mitochondrial membrane and supports mitochondrial structure-function studies.

Research on SS-31 has most commonly focused on mitochondrial health, ATP production, oxidative-stress response, cardiolipin binding, cellular energy balance, aging-related mitochondrial changes, and tissue-protection pathways. Published reviews describe SS-31 as a mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that selectively binds cardiolipin, a lipid found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, helping stabilize cristae structure, reduce oxidative stress, and support ATP-production research.

SS-31 is commonly studied for:

• Mitochondrial function — how cells produce and manage energy

• ATP production — how mitochondria create usable cellular energy

• Cardiolipin support — how mitochondrial membrane structure is maintained

• Oxidative-stress response — how cells respond to free-radical stress

• Cell protection — how cells respond to stress and maintain normal activity

• Aging-related research — how mitochondrial function changes with age

• Tissue-protection pathways — how stressed tissues maintain energy and repair signaling

SS-31 is commonly studied because mitochondrial dysfunction is closely tied to cellular energy loss, oxidative stress, and impaired tissue function. Research has shown that SS-31 interacts with cardiolipin and mitochondrial membrane systems, while studies in aged mitochondria have investigated improved ADP sensitivity, oxygen-consumption activity, and ATP-production pathways.

For research use only. Not for human consumption, medical use, diagnostic use, or therapeutic application.